Five years ago, scientists managed to recreate what is known as superionic ice, in lab experiments for the first time. Superionic ice is believed to form within Uranus and Neptune as familiar materials are subjected to extreme pressures and heat, with iron atoms forming hot, black, heavy ice. But just last year researchers at several universities in the United States discovered a new phase of superionic ice. The discovery helps broaden our understanding of why Uranus and Neptune have off-kilter magnetic fields with multiple poles. Different to forms of water on Earth, the oxygen atoms in superionic ice are locked in a solid cubic lattice, while the ionised hydrogen atoms are loose, flowing through the lattice. This gives superionic ice conductive properties as well as raising its melting point, meaning the frozen water remains solid at temperatures up to 4704 Degree Celsius (8500 Fahrenheit). In this latest study, Stanford University's Arianna Gleason and colleagues blasted thin slivers of water, sandwiched between two diamond layers, with some extremely powerful lasers. "Recent discoveries of water-rich Neptune-like exoplanets require a more detailed understanding of the phase diagram of [water] at pressure–temperature conditions relevant to their planetary interiors," Gleason and colleagues explain in their paper, from January 2022 X-Ray diffraction revealed the hot, dense ice's crystal structure, and confirmed the ice crystals were in fact a new phase, distinct from the superionic ice that was observed in 2019. This newly discovered superionic ice, Ice XIX, has increased conductivity compared to its 2019 predecessor. The conductivity is important because it helps us understand why certain off-kilter magnetic fields are generated on planets such as Neptune and Uranus. You can read the paper, published in Scientific Reports here. Sign up to our free Indy100 weekly newsletter Have your say in our news democracy. Click the upvote icon at the top of the page to help raise this article through the indy100 rankings.

Square, the digital payments company, experienced outages on several services Thursday.

Meta has added new edit features and voice notes to Instagram Threads, as it continues to try and take over from Twitter. “Rolling out Edit and Voice Threads today. Enjoy!” wrote Meta chief executive Mark Zuckerberg on the site. They are yet more changes as Meta looks to keep the momentum from the launch of Threads, during which it became the fastest growing app in the world but has struggled to keep users reading and posting. As with when Threads first launched, the new features come amid loud questions over the future of X since Elon Musk took over and changed its name from Twitter. Twitter had previously taken years to add an edit button, and put it behind its Twitter Blue paid-for subscription tier. Some of its delay was thought to be a result of concerns about how to add the feature without contributing to disinformation. Some had expressed concern that the button could be used to edit popular posts to change their wording, or suggest that information had been available at different times, for instance. Twitter addressed that problem by adding a clear marker when a post had been edited, and allowing users to see the history of those edits. Threads does not offer an edit history, and is not thought to be adding one. But it did add a tiny icon making clear that the post has been revised. Threads has also added what it called “Voice Threads”, which function as small audio posts. Users can press a record button and that will then make a playable audio file, which will also include captions. The two new features are the latest changes from Meta to Instagram Threads, which was launched in an early version and has been updated rapidly ever since. Those have included a chronological feed and the ability to use the site on the web. Read More Viral WhatsApp warning of cyberattack targeting Jewish people is fake X introduces limits to prevent non-paying users from replying to posts Facebook’s new AI sticker tool generates ‘completely unhinged’ images

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